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Functional water refers to water that has been modified through physical, chemical, or biological processes to alter its composition or properties for specific physiological or environmental purposes. These modifications are typically achieved by adding minerals, electrolytes, gases, or bioactive compounds, or by altering the molecular structure through techniques such as electrolysis or filtration.

Composition and TypesDifferent forms of functional water include mineral-enriched water, alkaline water, oxygenated water, and hydrogen-rich water. Some types are developed to adjust pH levels, enhance ion concentration, or introduce reactive molecules that may influence metabolic processes. The composition varies depending on the intended function and preparation method.

ApplicationsFunctional water is used in health-related research, food processing, and industrial applications. In laboratories, it may serve as a controlled hydration medium or solvent. In agricultural and food systems, modified water can be applied to influence preservation, microbial control, or nutrient delivery.

Scientific ConsiderationsThe physical and chemical stability of…